Tuesday, May 20, 2014

Germanic Kingdoms Unite Under Charlemagne

MAIN IDEA!

  • Many Germanic kingdoms that succeed the Roman Empire were reunited under Charlemagne's empire 
WHY IT MATTERS NOW!
  • Charlemagne spread Christian civilization throughout northern Europe, which is where many of us came from 
Setting the Stage!
  • Middle Ages: Medieval period
  • 500-15000 AD
  • Medieval Europe is Fragmented

  • Invasions trigger changes in Western Europe
    • Invasions and constant warfare spark new trends 
      • Disruption of trade
        • Europe's cities are no longer economic centers
        • Money is scarce
      • Downfall of Cities
        • Cities are no longer centers of administration 
      • Population Shifts
        • Nobles retreat to the rural areas
        • Cities don't have strong leadership
  • Invasions trigger changes in western Europe [cont'd]
    • Decline of learning 
      • Germanic invaders are illiterate, but they communicate through oral tradition 
      • Only priest and church officials could read and write
      • Knowledge of Greek [and literature, science, philosophy] is almost lost 
    • Loss of a common  language
      • Dialects develop in different religions 
      • By the 800s, French, Spanish, other Roman-bases languages are evolving from Latin 
TEST QUESTION: what was the most common language? LATIN 
  • Germanic kingdoms emerge 
    • The concept of government changes
      • Roman society: loyal to public gov't 
      • Germanic society: loyal to family 
        • Germanic chief led warriors 
        • During peace, he provided food, weapons, treasure, a place to live [the lord's hall]
        • During wartime, warriors fought for the lord 
      • "The king?" Who's that? You want to collect taxes from me? Who the heck are you?
      • Franks live in the Roman province of Gaul- their leaders is Clovis 
  • Germanic kingdoms emerge
    • The Franks under Clovis 
      • Another battlefield conversion [Just like Constantine]
      • Clovis and 3000 of his warriors are baptized by the bishop
      •  The Church in Rome approves of this "alliance"
      • Clovis and the Church begin to work together 
A simple mathematical equation: 
Clovis' military expertise
 +                                       
The Church's support and money
_____________________________________
A STRATEGIC ALLIANCE BETWEEN TWO POWERFUL FORCES 
  • Germanic peoples adopt Christianity [cont'd] 
    • [Pope] Gregory 1 expands papal power
      • Papacy: pope's office
      • Secular power: worldy power 
      • So... under Gregory the Great
Papal Power [Power of the Pope] is Political Power, Presented from the Pope's Palace

    • The church can use church money to 
      • Raise armies
      • Repair roads
      • Help the poor
    • Gregory the Great began to act as a mayor of Rome, and as head of an earthly kingdom [Christendom]
  • Germanic peoples adopt Christianity 
    • 511 AD - Clovis unites Franks into one kingdom
    • 600 AD - Church + Frankish rulers convert many 
    • Fear of Muslims in southern Europe spur many to become Christians 
    • Monasteries and convents
      • 520 AD - Benedict wrote the rules for monks and monasteries
        • Poverty, chastity, obedience, study
      • His sister Scholastica did the same for nuns in convents
      • 731 AD - the Venerable Bede wrote a killer history of England 
      • Monks opened schools, maintained libraries, and copied books [Bibles, Greek texts]

No comments:

Post a Comment